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Choosing between a study permit and a work permit as your entry point to Canada — comparing costs, work rights, family benefits, and how each leads to permanent residence.
A study permit authorizes a foreign national to pursue full-time studies at a designated learning institution (DLI) in Canada. Beyond education, it offers work rights during studies and opens the door to the Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) — a critical bridge to permanent residence for many international graduates.
A work permit (LMIA-based or open) allows a foreign national to work legally in Canada. Depending on the type, it may be tied to a specific employer or allow full job market flexibility. Canadian work experience gained under a work permit is the most direct input into the Canadian Experience Class and many PNP streams.
| Criteria | A Study Permit | B Work Permit |
|---|---|---|
| Eligibility | Acceptance letter from a DLI + proof of funds + intent to leave if required | Job offer + LMIA (closed) or qualifying category (open) |
| Upfront cost | CAD $150 permit fee + CAD $15,000–$50,000+/year in tuition | CAD $155 permit fee + biometrics; employer covers LMIA cost |
| Work rights during permit | Up to 24 hrs/week off-campus; full-time during scheduled breaks | Full-time work rights (LMIA) or any employer (open) |
| PR pathway | Study → PGWP → 1 year Canadian work experience → CEC or PNP | Work experience → CEC or PNP (+ LMIA job offer CRS points) |
| Processing time | 4–16 weeks depending on country and intake volume | 2–5 months (LMIA stage) + 2–8 weeks (permit) for closed permits |
| Spouse benefits | Spouse may get open work permit if enrolled in a master's, PhD, or certain professional programs | Spouse eligible for open work permit if holder is in NOC TEER 0/1/2/3 occupation |
Advantages
Drawbacks
Advantages
Drawbacks
Is it better to come to Canada as a student or a worker for getting PR?
Both pathways work — the best choice depends on your profile. If you have limited Canadian work experience but strong academic qualifications, studying in Canada then using the PGWP is a well-proven route. If you already have relevant skilled work experience and can secure a job offer, a work permit gets you to PR faster and at lower upfront cost. Many people combine both routes: coming on a work permit first, then upgrading credentials if needed.
Can a study permit holder work full-time in Canada?
As of November 2024, international students can work up to 24 hours per week off campus during academic sessions, and full-time during scheduled breaks (summer, winter, spring). Co-op and internship placements that are a mandatory part of your program are additional and do not count against this limit. On-campus work is generally unlimited.
What is the Post-Graduation Work Permit and how long is it?
The PGWP is an open work permit issued to graduates of eligible Canadian post-secondary programs. Its length equals the length of the study program, up to a maximum of 3 years. Programs shorter than 8 months do not qualify. The PGWP is issued only once — it cannot be renewed — but it gives you open access to the Canadian labour market to build the Canadian Experience Class-qualifying work experience needed for PR.
Does studying in Canada increase my CRS score for Express Entry?
Yes. A Canadian post-secondary credential (certificate, diploma, or degree) adds points under the Education factor of the CRS. A one or two-year Canadian diploma adds 120 points (or 119 with a spouse). A three-year or longer Canadian degree or two or more credentials (one being at least 3 years) adds 150 points (or 126 with a spouse). Combined with work experience gained on the PGWP, Canadian education significantly strengthens an Express Entry profile.
Our Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultants will review your full profile and tell you exactly which program gives you the best chance of success.